The internet has become an important part of staying connected and informed. But for many seniors, it remains out of reach. Digital gap isn’t just about missing out on social media or streaming services. It can also have serious consequences for mental health.
As more aspects of daily life move online, seniors who are excluded from the internet may face increased risks of loneliness, isolation, and depression. So understanding how internet exclusion contributes to senior depression is essential in finding ways to bridge this gap and improve their well-being.
What is Internet Exclusion?
Internet exclusion refers to the phenomenon where individuals or groups lack access to the internet or are unable to utilize digital resources effectively. This exclusion can occur due to various factors. Including geographical location, socioeconomic status, age or lack of digital literacy. Correspondingly, internet exclusion is particularly prevalent among seniors due to a combination of these factors.
Causes of Internet Exclusion in Seniors
Several factors contribute to internet exclusion among seniors. Physical limitations such as poor vision or motor skills, can make it difficult for older adults to use digital devices. Whats more, financial constraints can also prevent seniors from affording the necessary technology or internet service.
Additionally, a lack of digital literacy often poses a significant barrier. Many seniors did not grow up with technology and may find it challenging to learn new digital skills. Fear or distrust of technology can also discourage them from engaging with digital platforms.
How Common is Internet Exclusion Among Seniors?
As we can see, internet exclusion among seniors could be significant issue. Despite the increasing digitalization of society, a large portion of the senior population remains disconnected.
According to the Pew Research Center, as of 2021, about 25% of adults aged 65 and older in the United States do not use the internet. This digital divide is even more pronounced among the oldest seniors. For instance, only 82% of those aged 65 to 69 are online, while the figure drops to 44% for those aged 80 and older.
Why is this important? Because internet access is becoming essential for many aspects of daily life. From staying connected with family and friends to accessing healthcare information and services. The reasons for this exclusion are varied.
Some seniors are maybe facing physical challenges. Such as poor vision or motor skills, that make using digital devices difficult. Others may be intimidated by technology or simply lack the digital literacy skills needed to navigate the online world. Financial constraints could also play a role. The cost of internet service or digital devices can be prohibitive for those on fixed incomes.
This exclusion creates a gap. A gap that isolates seniors from the increasingly digital world around them. And this gap has significant implications for their mental and physical well-being.
Is Internet Exclusion Contributing to Senior Depression?
A recent study titled “Association between Internet Exclusion and Depressive Symptoms among Older Adults: Panel Data Analysis of Five Longitudinal Cohort Studies” pursued the relationship between internet exclusion and depression among seniors.
Conducted across 32 countries and involving over 129,000 older adults. The study provides strong evidence on how lack of internet access can significantly impact mental health in this demographic.
How Was the Study Conducted?
The study utilized data from five major longitudinal cohort studies. The Health and Retirement Study (HRS), the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing (ELSA), the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE), the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS), and the Mexican Health and Ageing Study (MHAS). Also these studies included participants aged 60 years and older from both high-income countries (HICs) and low- and middle-income countries (LMICs).
Researchers investigated data over a period of 10 years. From 2010 to 2020, with a median follow-up of 5 years. Internet exclusion was defined as self-reported non-use of the internet. And depressive symptoms were assessed using standardized scales like the Centre for Epidemiologic Studies of Depression scale (CES-D) or the Euro-Depression scale (Euro-D).
What Did the Study Find About Internet Exclusion?
The study found that internet exclusion is prevalent among older adults. Particularly in LMICs. The proportion of seniors who reported not using the internet was notably high. With 92.3% in the CHARLS cohort (China) and 65.3% in the MHAS cohort (Mexico). Even in high-income countries, a significant portion of older adults experienced internet exclusion. With 46.0% in the HRS cohort (United States) and 54.8% in the SHARE cohort (Europe).
How is Internet Exclusion Linked to Depression?
The researchers established a clear association between internet exclusion and the likelihood of experiencing depressive symptoms. And across all five cohort studies, older adults who did not use the internet were more likely to report depressive symptoms compared to those who were digitally connected.
For instance, in the HRS cohort, internet exclusion was associated with higher likelihood of experiencing depressive symptoms (OR = 1.13, 95% CI 1.07–1.20). In the SHARE cohort, the likelihood was even higher (OR = 1.55, 95% CI 1.47–1.62). The findings were consistent across different regions and economic settings. Emphasizing the pervasive impact of internet exclusion on mental health among seniors.
What Are the Implications of These Findings?
The study’s findings underscore the importance of addressing barriers to internet access among older adults. Internet exclusion not only limits seniors access to information and social interaction. But also has a direct impact on their mental well-being. The association between internet exclusion and depression suggests that promoting digital inclusion could be a key strategy in improving the mental health of older adults.
In particular, the study emphasizes the need for targeted interventions in LMICs, where internet exclusion rates are significantly higher. Reducing internet exclusion may help mitigate depressive symptoms and improve the overall quality of life for seniors.
How Can Families and Caregivers Support Seniors in Becoming Digitally Literate?
Supporting seniors in becoming digitally literate is crucial in today’s technology-driven world. With proper guidance, older adults can reap the benefits of staying connected, informed and engaged online. Families and caregivers play a pivotal role in this process.
Start with the Basics
Begin with the basics. Introduce seniors to the essential functions of digital devices. Such as turning them on, using the keyboard and mouse and guiding simple applications. It’s important to move at their pace. Ensuring they feel comfortable and confident with each new skill. Patience is key here. As learning these skills can be daunting for those unfamiliar with technology.
Encourage Regular Practice
Also encourage regular practice. Set aside time each day for seniors to use their devices. Whether it’s sending an email, browsing the internet, or participating in video calls. Repetition helps reinforce what they’ve learned and builds their confidence in using technology independently.
Use Simple and Clear Instructions
Avoid technical jargon and explain things in straightforward terms. Written step-by-step guides or visual aids can also be helpful. These tools serve as a reference that seniors can revisit when they’re practicing on their own.
Provide Emotional Support and Encouragement
Provide emotional support and encouragement. Learning new technology can be frustrating. So it’s important to offer positive reinforcement and be patient. Celebrate small victories. Like sending their first email or successfully joining a video call to boost their confidence and motivation.
How Can TMS Therapy Help Seniors Affected by Depression Due to Internet Exclusion?
For seniors who experience depression as a result of internet exclusion, Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS) therapy can be a highly effective treatment option. TMS therapy offers a non-invasive, medication-free approach to treating depression. Making it particularly suitable for older adults who may be sensitive to medication side effects.
But, What is TMS Therapy?
TMS therapy involves the use of magnetic fields to stimulate nerve cells in the brain, specifically targeting areas associated with mood regulation. This stimulation can help alleviate symptoms of depression including those that arise from social isolation and internet exclusion.
Efficacy of TMS Therapy in Treating Depression
Research has shown that TMS therapy is effective in treating depression. Particularly in patients who have not responded to traditional antidepressant medications. TMS therapy has a success rate of about 70% to 80% in reducing depressive symptoms and high remission rate.
Disclaimer: This content is for informational purposes only and should not be considered as medical advice. Please consult a healthcare professional for personalized guidance.
How Does TMS Therapy Benefit Seniors?
TMS therapy is particularly beneficial for seniors because it is non-invasive and does not require anesthesia or hospitalization. Sessions are typically conducted five times a week over several weeks. With each session lasting about 20 to 40 minutes.
Whats more, most patients experience significant improvements after just a few weeks of treatment. So for seniors affected by depression due to internet exclusion, TMS therapy can help improve mood, increase energy levels and enhance overall quality of life.
TMS Institute of Arizona specialize in treating depression using TMS therapy. If you or a loved one is struggling with depression due to internet exclusion, our team is here to help. Contact us. Learn more about TMS therapy.
References:
Anderson, M. (2017, May 17). 1. Technology use among seniors. Pew Research Center; Pew Research Center. https://www.pewresearch.org/internet/2017/05/17/technology-use-among-seniors/
Anderson, M. (2021, April 2). 7% of Americans don’t use the internet. Who are they? Pew Research Center; Pew Research Center. https://www.pewresearch.org/short-reads/2021/04/02/7-of-americans-dont-use-the-internet-who-are-they/
Yan, R., Liu, X., Xue, R., Duan, X., Li, L., He, X., Cui, F., & Zhao, J. (2024). Association between internet exclusion and depressive symptoms among older adults: panel data analysis of five longitudinal cohort studies. EClinicalMedicine, 75, 102767–102767. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eclinm.2024.102767
